- predicate calculus with identity
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English-Russian scientific dictionary. 2008.
predicate calculus with identity
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predicate calculus — The logical calculus in which the expressions include predicate letters, variables, and quantifiers, names, and operation letters, as well as the expressions for truth functions and the propositional variables of the propositional calculus . The… … Philosophy dictionary
Predicate functor logic — In mathematical logic, predicate functor logic (PFL) is one of several ways to express first order logic (formerly known as predicate logic) by purely algebraic means, i.e., without quantified variables. PFL employs a small number of algebraic… … Wikipedia
Identity of indiscernibles — The identity of indiscernibles is an ontological principle which states that two or more objects or entities are identical (are one and the same entity), if they have all their properties in common. That is, entities x and y are identical if any… … Wikipedia
Identity (philosophy) — In philosophy, identity, from Latin: identitas (“sameness”), is the relation each thing bears just to itself. [1] According to Leibniz s law two things sharing every attribute are not only similar, but are the same thing. The concept of sameness… … Wikipedia
Lambda calculus — In mathematical logic and computer science, lambda calculus, also written as λ calculus, is a formal system designed to investigate function definition, function application and recursion. It was introduced by Alonzo Church and Stephen Cole… … Wikipedia
formal logic — the branch of logic concerned exclusively with the principles of deductive reasoning and with the form rather than the content of propositions. [1855 60] * * * Introduction the abstract study of propositions, statements, or assertively used … Universalium
metalogic — /met euh loj ik/, n. the logical analysis of the fundamental concepts of logic. [1835 45; META + LOGIC] * * * Study of the syntax and the semantics of formal languages and formal systems. It is related to, but does not include, the formal… … Universalium
logic — logicless, adj. /loj ik/, n. 1. the science that investigates the principles governing correct or reliable inference. 2. a particular method of reasoning or argumentation: We were unable to follow his logic. 3. the system or principles of… … Universalium
Sequent calculus — In proof theory and mathematical logic, sequent calculus is a family of formal systems sharing a certain style of inference and certain formal properties. The first sequent calculi, systems LK and LJ, were introduced by Gerhard Gentzen in 1934 as … Wikipedia
Decidability (logic) — In logic, the term decidable refers to the decision problem, the question of the existence of an effective method for determining membership in a set of formulas. Logical systems such as propositional logic are decidable if membership in their… … Wikipedia
decision problem — The problem of finding an algorithm or decision procedure for deciding whether an arbitrary well formed formula of a logical system is a theorem of the system. A positive solution is a proof that such a procedure exists; a negative solution is a… … Philosophy dictionary
